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A B
C D E
F G H
I J K
L M N
O P Q
R S T
U V W
X Y Z
Native Language
The primary language used by an individual.
Near Point Copying
Writing while copying from a model close at hand.
Neologism
Made-up word that only has meaning to the child or adult.
Neonatal
The time usually associated with the period between the onset of labor and six
weeks following birth.
Neural Tube Defect
A birth defect occurring in the brain or spinal cord causing extensive damage to
the fetus; many times results in death at birth or soon after.
Neuroleptics
Agents or drugs that modify psychotic behavior; in general, the term is
synonymous with antipsychotics.
Neurological Examination
Testing of the sensory or motor responses to determine if there is impairment of
the nervous system.
Neurologic Impairment
Any physical disability caused by damage to the central nervous system (brain,
spinal cord, ganglia, and nerves).
Neurologist
Physician who assesses for potential damage to the brain and may provide
medication to assist in enhancing brain function.
Neuropsychologist
Psychologist who assesses for possible impaired areas of the brain that might be
affecting verbal and non-verbal functions in learning and social skills on the
behavioral level; provides interventions to help maximize cognitive strengths
and minimize weaknesses.
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that transmit messages across the synaptic gap between dendrites in
order to excite other neurons in the brain and nervous system.
Noncategorical
Refers to a system of grouping handicapped children together without reference
to a particular label or category of exceptionality.
Nonverbal Learning Disabilities
Learning disabilities that are associated with non-linguistic mental functions
(i.e. kinesthetic coordination, social/emotional deficits).
Norm
A statistic that provides a frame of reference by which meaning may be given to
test scores; norms are based upon the actual performance of pupils of various
grades or ages in the standardization group for the test.
Normal Curve
A mathematically derived curve depicting the theoretical probability or
distribution of a given variable (such as a physical trait or test score) in the
general population.
Normalization
The idea that individuals with disabilities should, to the maximum extent
possible, be physically and socially integrated into the mainstream of society
regardless of the degree or type of disability.
Norm-Referenced Tests
A class of assessments that compare a student’s performance to the performance
of a norm-referenced group; these tests result in a grade equivalent or
standardized score rather than a set of objectives for future instruction; also
called standardized tests.
Numeral
A digit that has been written down.
Numeration
The ability to count or understand a series of numbers and the logical,
sequential
connection between them.
Nystagmus
A rapid, involuntary, rhythmic movement of the eyes that may cause difficulty
in reading or fixating on an object.
*See
Reference Information
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